Ntlafatsa Ts'ebetso: Karolo ea Li-valve tse Khaotsoeng Sebakeng sa Offshore Platform

Mathata a matla a lilemo tsa bo-1970 a ile a felisa nako ea oli e theko e tlaase 'me a kenya letsoho peisong ea ho cheka oli e lebōpong la leoatle.Ka theko ea moqomo oa oli e tala ka makhetlo a mabeli, mekhoa e meng e tsoetseng pele ea ho phunya le ho e khutlisa e qala ho tsebahala, le haeba e theko e boima haholo.Ho ea ka litekanyetso tsa kajeno, lipolanete tsa maoatle tsa maoatle hangata li ne li hlahisa melumo e tlase - e ka bang libarele tse 10,000 ka letsatsi (BPD).Re bile re na le ThunderHorse PDQ, mochini oa ho cheka, oa tlhahiso, le oa ho phela o ka hlahisang libarele tse fihlang ho 250,000 tsa oli le li-cubic feet tse limilione tse 200 (Mmcf) tsa khase ka letsatsi.Sehlopha se seholo joalo sa tlhahiso, palo ea li-valve tsa letsoho tse ka bang 12,000 ho feta, boholo ba tsona keli-valve tsa bolo.Sengoliloeng sena se tla shebana le mefuta e 'maloa ea li-valve tse khaotsoeng tse sebelisoang hangata litsing tse kaholimo tsa sethala sa maoatle.

Tlhahiso ea oli le khase e boetse e hloka tšebeliso ea lisebelisoa tse thusang tse sa sebetseng ka ho toba ka li-hydrocarbon, empa li fana feela ka tšehetso e nepahetseng bakeng sa ts'ebetso ena.Lisebelisoa tse thusang li kenyelletsa mokhoa oa ho phahamisa metsi a leoatle (ho fapanyetsana mocheso, ente, ntoa ea mollo, joalo-joalo), mokhoa oa ho tsamaisa metsi a chesang le a pholileng.Ebang ke ts'ebetso ka boeona kapa lisebelisoa tse thusang, hoa hlokahala ho sebelisa valve ea ho arohana.Mesebetsi ea bona e ka sehloohong e arotsoe ka mefuta e 'meli: ho itšehla thajana ha lisebelisoa le taolo ea ts'ebetso (ho tima).Ka tlase, re tla sekaseka boemo ba li-valve tse amehang ho potoloha mela ea phepelo ea maro a fapaneng a tloaelehileng lifoleng tsa tlhahiso ea kantle ho naha.

Boima ba thepa le bona bo bohlokoa bakeng sa sethala sa kantle ho naha.K'hilograma e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea thepa e sethaleng e hloka ho isoa setšeng ho tšela maoatle le maoatle, 'me e hloka ho hlokomeloa nakong eohle ea bophelo ba eona.Ka hona, li-valve tsa bolo li sebelisoa haholo sethaleng hobane li kopane ebile li na le mesebetsi e mengata.Ehlile, ho na le tse matla ho feta (flatli-valve tsa heke) kapa li-valve tse bobebe (tse kang li-valve tsa serurubele), empa ho nahana ka lintlha tse sa tšoaneng tse kang litšenyehelo, boima, khatello le mocheso, li-valve tsa bolo hangata ke khetho e nepahetseng ka ho fetisisa.

Likarolo tse tharo tsa belofo e tsitsitseng ea bolo

Ho hlakile,li-valve tsa boloha li bobebe feela, empa hape li na le litekanyo tse nyane tsa bophahamo ('me hangata bophara ba litekanyo).Valve ea bolo e boetse e na le monyetla oa ho fana ka kou ea ho tsoa lipakeng tsa litulo tse peli, kahoo boteng ba ho lutla ka hare ho ka hlahlojoa.Monyetla ona o molemo bakeng sa li-valve tsa ho koala ha tšohanyetso (ESDV) hobane ts'ebetso ea tsona ea ho tiisa e hloka ho hlahlojoa khafetsa.

Mokelikeli o tsoang selibeng sa oli hangata ke motsoako oa oli le khase, 'me ka linako tse ling metsi.Ka tloaelo, ha bophelo ba seliba bo ntse bo tsofala, metsi a pompeloa e le sehlahisoa sa ho hlaphoheloa ha oli.Bakeng sa metsoako e joalo - le bakeng sa mefuta e meng ea maro - ntho ea pele eo u lokelang ho e tseba ke hore na ho na le litšila ho tsona, tse kang carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, le likaroloana tse tiileng (lehlabathe kapa litšila tse senyang, joalo-joalo).Haeba ho na le likaroloana tse tiileng, setulo le bolo li lokela ho koaheloa ka tšepe ho qoba ho senyeha ho feteletseng esale pele.Ka bobeli CO2 (carbon dioxide) le H2S (hydrogen sulfide) li baka tikoloho e senyang, eo ka kakaretso e bitsoang corrosion e monate le corrosion ea asiti.Ho bola ho monate hangata ho baka tahlehelo e ts'oanang ea bokaholimo ba karolo.Litlamorao tsa kutu ea asiti li kotsi haholo, tse atisang ho baka ho putlama ha lintho, ho fella ka ho hloleha ha lisebelisoa.Mefuta e 'meli ea kutu hangata e ka sitisoa ke khetho ea lisebelisoa tse loketseng le ente ea li-inhibitors tse amehang.NACE e thehile sete ea litekanyetso tse khethehileng bakeng sa kutu ea acid: "MR0175 bakeng sa indasteri ea oli le khase, lisebelisoa tse sebelisoang libakeng tse nang le sebabole tlhahiso ea oli le khase."Lisebelisoa tsa li-valve hangata li latela maemo ana.Ho fihlela maemo ana, thepa e tlameha ho fihlela litlhoko tse 'maloa, joalo ka ho thatafala, e le hore e tšoanelehe ho sebelisoa libakeng tse nang le asiti.

Likarolo tse tharo tsa belofo e tsitsitseng ea bolo
Likarolo tse peli tse lahlelang valve ea bolo e tsitsitseng

Li-valve tse ngata tsa bolo bakeng sa tlhahiso ea kantle ho naha li entsoe ho latela litekanyetso tsa API 6D.Hangata lik'hamphani tsa oli le khase li beha litlhoko tse eketsehileng holim'a maemo ana, hangata ka ho beha maemo a eketsehileng holim'a thepa kapa ho hloka tlhahlobo e matla haholoanyane.Ka mohlala, tekanyetso ea S-562 e hlahisitsoeng ke Mokhatlo oa Machaba oa Baetsi ba Oli le Khase (IOGP).S-562-API 6D Ball Valve Standard Supplement e ile ea hlahisoa ke lik'hamphani tse 'maloa tse kholo tsa oli le khase ho kopanya le ho tsamaisa litlhoko tse fapaneng tseo bahlahisi ba tlamehang ho li latela.Ka tšepo, sena se tla fokotsa litšenyehelo le ho khutsufatsa linako tsa ho etella pele.

Metsi a leoatle a na le mesebetsi e mengata e fapaneng ea lipolanete tsa ho cheka, ho kenyeletsoa ho tima mollo, likhohola tsa matamo, phapanyetsano ea mocheso, metsi a liindasteri le lijo tsa metsi a nooang.Phaephe e tsamaisang metsi a leoatle hangata e kholo ka bophara le khatello e tlase - valve ea serurubele e loketse boemo ba ho sebetsa.Li-valve tsa butterfly li lumellana le litekanyetso tsa API 609 'me li ka aroloa ka mefuta e meraro: concentric, double eccentric le triple eccentric.Ka lebaka la theko e tlase, li-valve tsa serurubele tse nang le li-lugs kapa li-clamp ke tsona tse atileng haholo.Boholo ba bophara ba li-valve tse joalo bo nyane haholo, 'me ha bo kenngoa phapeng, bo tlameha ho lumellana hantle, ho seng joalo bo tla ama ts'ebetso ea valve.Haeba ho lokisoa ha flange ho sa nepahale, ho ka 'na ha sitisa ts'ebetso ea valve,' me e ka ba ea etsa hore valve e se ke ea sebetsa.Maemo a mang a ka hloka hore ho sebelisoe li-valve tsa serurubele tse nang le likarolo tse peli kapa tse tharo-eccentric;Litsenyehelo tsa valve ka boeona li phahame, empa li ntse li le tlase ho feta litšenyehelo tsa ho tsamaisana hantle nakong ea ho kenya.


Nako ea poso: Jun-28-2024